Glacial acetic acid (GAA, CAS 64-19-7) yog cov anhydrous, concentrated daim ntawv ntawm acetic acid thiab ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws organic acids hauv kev lag luam. Kab lus no piav qhia nws cov qauv tshuaj thiab cov qauv, lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub sijhawm glacial, nws lub cev muaj zog, kev siv hauv kev lag luam thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev nyab xeeb rau kev tuav thiab dilution.
Glacial Acetic Acid yog dab tsi?
Acetic acid yog ib qho yooj yim carboxylic acid nrog cov tshuaj formula CH3COOH. Lub npe glacial yog hais txog daim ntawv ntshiab uas tsis muaj dej: vim nws qhov melting point yog 16.6 degree, nws solidifies rau hauv dej khov-zoo li crystals nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txias, thiab lub sij hawm tau siv txij li thaum lub xyoo pua puv 19 los piav txog qhov khov, zoo li iav. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, cov dilute aqueous tov muag raws li vinegar muaj tsuas yog 4 mus rau 8 feem pua acetic acid. Glacial acetic acid yog cov xim tsis muaj xim, pob tshab kua nrog lub ntse, pungent tsw, thiab nws yog corrosive nyob rau hauv daim ntawv concentrated.
Chemical Formula thiab Structure
Cov mis molecular ntawm acetic acid yog C2H4O2, thiab cov qauv condensed yog CH3COOH. Cov molecule muaj ib pawg methyl (CH3) sib txuas rau pawg carboxyl (COOH). Nyob rau hauv cov kua ntshiab, acetic acid molecules tsim hydrogen-bonded dimers, uas yog vim li cas cov kua coj raws li ib tug protic hnyav nrog ib tug kuj kub boiling point rau nws molecular loj. Raws li cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog, nws ib nrab dissociates hauv dej kom tso tawm hydrogen ions, nrog pKa ntawm 4.76 ntawm 25 degree.
Ntsiab Physical and Chemical Properties
| Khoom | Tus nqi |
|---|---|
| CAS nr | 64-19-7 |
| Cov mis mos molecular | C2H4O2 (CH3COOH) |
| Molecular hnyav | 60.05 g / mol |
| Fusing point | 16.6℃qhov siab |
| Boiling point | 117.9 degree |
| Ceev (20 degree) | ≈ 1.05 g / cm³ |
| Flash point (kaw khob) | 39 degree |
| Refractive index (20 degree) | 1.371 |
| Nws pib - qhov kub thiab txias | ≈ 426 degree |
| Explosive txwv nyob rau hauv huab cua | 5.4 - 16.0 vol% |
Vim tias qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog nyob ze rau qhov chaw khaws khoom kub hauv lub caij ntuj no, cov chaw cia khoom feem ntau khaws cia siab tshaj 17℃lossis cov khoom tau muab tso rau hauv cov thawv insulated lossis rhuab los tiv thaiv kev sib zog.
Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam
Kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg: kev siv ntau tshaj plaws yog kev tsim cov yas acetate monomer (VAM), ua raws li acetic anhydride thiab acetate esters siv hauv cov kuab tshuaj, txheej thiab cov yas.
Kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus: zaub mov- qib acetic acid yog siv los ua acidulant, preservative thiab flavoring agent, nrog rau kev tsim cov kua qaub.
Pharmaceutical thiab Laboratory: siv nyob rau hauv cov kev daws teeb meem tsis, raws li ib tug synthesis intermediate thiab raws li ib tug tshuaj tua kab mob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv diluted.
Textile thiab dyeing: pH hloov thiab dye fixation hauv textile ua.
Agrochemicals: nruab nrab rau tshuaj tua kab thiab tshuaj tua kab mob.
Roj hmab thiab yas: coagulant hauv roj hmab latex ua thiab raw khoom rau cellulose acetate thiab lwm yam polymers.
Ntim, Dilution thiab Safety Notes
Glacial acetic acid feem ntau ntim rau hauv cov yas lossis steel nruas thiab IBC ntim. Ib qho kev npaj thauj khoom ib txwm rau 20- ko taw thawv yog 720 nruas ntawm 30 kg, 80 nruas ntawm 220 kg, lossis 20 IBC nruas ntawm 1,050 kg. Thaum diluting glacial acetic acid, nco ntsoov ntxiv cov kua qaub rau hauv dej maj mam nrog nplawm, tsis txhob thim rov qab, vim tias qhov sib xyaw yog exothermic thiab tuaj yeem tawg. Cov concentrated acid yog corrosive rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab; vapors irritates lub pa ib ntsuj av. Siv cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv acid, tsom iav thiab cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv, ua haujlwm nrog qhov cua, thiab khaws cov khoom kom deb ntawm oxidizers thiab cov hauv paus tsis sib haum. Thaum muaj kev sib cuag, yaug qhov chaw cuam tshuam nrog dej ntau thiab nrhiav kev kho mob.
Cov lus nug nquag
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm acetic acid thiab glacial acetic acid?
Glacial acetic acid yog ze li ntawm dej -dawb anhydrous daim ntawv nrog ib tug purity ntawm feem ntau 99.5% los yog siab dua, thaum lub sij hawm acetic acid feem ntau yog siv rau cov ntshiab tshuaj thiab nws cov aqueous daws. Glacial acetic acid solidifies ntawm 16.6 degree.
Vim li cas nws thiaj li hu ua glacial acetic acid?
Lub npe los ntawm cov dej khov -zoo li cov muaju uas tsim thaum cov kua qaub ntshiab khov ntawm qhov kub qis dua 16.6℃.
Puas yog glacial acetic acid tib yam li vinegar?
Tsis yog. Vinegar yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm acetic acid hauv dej, feem ntau 4 mus rau 8 feem pua. Glacial acetic acid yog cov concentrated anhydrous tshuaj thiab yog corrosive thiab txaus ntshai los lis undiluted.
Dab tsi yog glacial acetic acid siv rau?
Nws yog siv los tsim cov yas acetate monomer, acetic anhydride thiab acetate esters, thiab nws ua hauj lwm raws li acidulant, hnyav thiab synthesis intermediate hauv zaub mov, tshuaj, textile thiab agrochemical industries.
Yuav ua li cas glacial acetic acid diluted yam xyuam xim?
Ntxiv cov kua qaub rau hauv dej maj mam thaum nplawm, tsis txhob dej rau acid, vim tias dilution generates cua sov. Siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv thiab ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw muaj cua.
Dab tsi yog qhov tawg txwv ntawm acetic acid vapor?
Acetic acid vapor tsim cov nplaim hluav taws sib xyaw nrog huab cua ntawm li 5.4 thiab 16.0 feem pua ntawm qhov ntim, nrog rau qhov pib - qhov kub thiab txias ze ntawm 426 degree, yog li cov kua yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom deb ntawm cov nplaim taws thiab qhov chaw kub.
