1-Butanol, tseem hu ua n-butanol los yog n-butyl cawv (CAS 71-36-3), yog ib qho kev siv tshuaj hnyav thiab tshuaj nruab nrab. Nws kuj yog ib qho kuab lom uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tuav. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no piav qhia txog cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm 1-butanol, suav nrog cov nplaim taws, cov teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev rov ua haujlwm, thiab piav qhia txog kev tiv thaiv uas ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov chaw muaj kev nyab xeeb.
1-Butanol yog dab tsi?
1-Butanol yog ib qho ncaj-chain thawj cawv nrog cov mis molecular C4H10O thiab cov qauv CH3CH2CH2CH2OH. Nws yog cov kua xim tsis muaj xim nrog lub zog, zoo li cawv, tsw qab me ntsis, qhov kub ntawm qhov kub ntawm 117.7℃thiab qhov ntom ntawm li 0.81 g / cm³. Nws yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej thiab tag nrho miscible nrog feem ntau cov organic solvents. Industrially, nws yog tsim los ntawm hydroformylation ntawm propylene ua raws li hydrogenation, thiab nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug hnyav, extractant thiab feedstock rau butyl acrylate, butyl acetate thiab lwm yam derivatives.
Flammability thiab Explosion Hazards
1-Butanol yog cov kua ua kua. Nws kaw -khob flash point yog hais txog 35℃, thiab nws cov vapor forms flammable los yog explosive sib tov nrog huab cua ntawm roughly 1.4 thiab 11.2 feem pua ntawm ntim. Nws pib- qhov kub thiab txias yog nyob ze 343℃. Thaum cov kua yog rhuab, txau los yog raug cov nplaim taws, cov vapor tuaj yeem ignite thiab, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kaw, tawg. Cov thawv uas raug hluav taws tuaj yeem ua rau lub siab sab hauv thiab tawg, yog li cov neeg tua hluav taws yuav tsum tau txias lub nruas nrog cov tshuaj tsuag dej thiab, yog tias ua tau, tshem lawv tawm ntawm qhov chaw tua hluav taws. Tsim nyog extinguishing media xws li cawv-resistant ua npuas ncauj, qhuav tshuaj thiab carbon dioxide; Cov tshuaj tsuag dej tuaj yeem siv rau cov thawv txias tab sis tsis tuaj yeem tua hluav taws ncaj qha.
Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Raug Cai
1-Butanol tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cev los ntawm kev nqus cov pa, sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov muag pom thiab noj. Nws vapor irritates lub mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm lub qhov muag, qhov ntswg thiab caj pas, thiab vapor concentrations yuav ua rau mob taub hau, kiv taub hau thiab tsaug zog. Kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntev los yog rov ua dua tshem tawm cov roj ntuj thiab tuaj yeem ua rau dryness, tawg, dermatitis lossis eczema. Qhov muag qhov muag nrog cov kua ua rau mob thiab khaus khaus thiab tuaj yeem ua rau lub cornea puas yog tias tsis kho tam sim ntawd. Kev nqos cov kua tuaj yeem ua rau xeev siab, ntuav thiab cuam tshuam rau lub cev hnyav dua. Vim hais tias cov ntxhiab tsw zoo heev, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsis pom cov pa phem ntau ntau kom txog thaum muaj kev khaus khaus, yog li kev saib xyuas huab cua yog pom zoo kom siv cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kaw lossis qhov cua tsis zoo.
Reactivity thiab Incompatibility
1-Butanol feem ntau ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib txwm cia tej yam kev mob, tab sis nws decomposes nyob rau hauv high kub thiab muaj peev xwm tso tawm toxicity thiab irritating pa taws. Nws reacts hnyav nrog cov muaj zog oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev, yog li nws yuav tsum tau khaws cia thiab tswj kom deb ntawm peroxides, muaj zog acids, alkali hlau thiab lwm yam oxidizers. Kev sib cuag nrog qee cov ntaub ntawv, xws li cov yas thiab cov roj hmab, tuaj yeem ua rau o lossis degradation, yog li xyuas cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke ntawm gaskets, hoses thiab ntim khoom ua ntej siv.
Kev ruaj ntseg tuav, khaws cia thiab kev pab thawj zaug
Kev ua pa: siv cov pa hauv zos lossis ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw qhib cua kom muaj pa ntau hauv qab qhov kev txwv kev ua haujlwm.
Kev tiv thaiv tus kheej: hnav tshuaj lom neeg- hnab looj tes tiv thaiv, tsom iav kev nyab xeeb lossis daim npog ntsej muag, thiab khaub ncaws tiv thaiv; siv lub tshuab ua pa nrog cov pa roj carbon monoxide thaum cov pa nce siab.
Cia: khaws cia rau hauv cov thawv kaw kom nruj rau hauv qhov txias, qhuav, zoo- qhov chaw cua, kom deb ntawm qhov hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv tsis sib xws, nrog kev sib txuas thiab hauv av rau kev hloov pauv loj.
Kev Txhaum Cai: muaj thiab nqus nrog cov khoom siv inert, tsis txhob tsim cov pa taws, thiab pov tseg cov pov tseg raws li cov cai hauv zos.
Kev pab ua ntej: ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ntxuav nrog xab npum thiab dej; ntawm qhov muag, yaug nrog dej tsawg kawg 15 feeb thiab nrhiav kev pab kho mob; ntawm inhalation, txav mus rau huab cua ntshiab; Thaum noj, tsis txhob ntuav ntuav thiab hu rau lub chaw tshuaj lom lossis kws kho mob.
Cov lus nug nquag
Puas yog 1-butanol flammable?
Yog lawm. 1-Butanol muaj qhov kaw- khob qhov taw tes ntawm 35℃thiab cov nplaim hluav taws kub ntawm li 1.4 txog 11.2 feem pua vapor hauv huab cua, yog li nws ignites yooj yim nyob ze ntawm cov nplaim taws qhib, sparks lossis kub qhov chaw.
1-butanol puas tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij khaus?
Yog lawm. Rov qab los yog ntev ntawm daim tawv nqaij sib cuag defats ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tuaj yeem ua rau dryness, cracking thiab dermatitis. Ntxuav cov tawv nqaij kom sai thiab siv hnab looj tes tiv thaiv thaum tuav cov kua.
Dab tsi yog qhov txwv kev ua haujlwm rau 1-butanol?
Kev txwv qhov chaw ua haujlwm ib txwm nyob ib puag ncig 50 ppm raws li yim -teev sijhawm- hnyav nruab nrab hauv ntau qhov chaw txiav txim, tab sis tus nqi siv tau yog nyob ntawm cov cai hauv zos; txheeb xyuas qhov txwv tam sim no rau koj cheeb tsam.
Kuv yuav ua li cas yog tias 1-butanol nkag rau hauv kuv lub qhov muag?
Yaug tam sim ntawd nrog dej huv kom ntau yam tsawg kawg 15 feeb, tuav lub qhov muag qhib, thiab nrhiav kev kho mob yam tsis tau ncua.
Yuav tsum khaws 1-butanol li cas?
Khaws cia rau hauv lub thawv kaw kom nruj, sau cov thawv ntim kom zoo rau hauv qhov txias, qhuav, zoo - qhov cua qhov chaw kom deb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub, muaj zog oxidizers thiab cov tshuaj tsis sib xws, thiab khaws cov ntim hauv av thaum muab cov khoom ntim loj.
Puas yog 1-butanol hnov mob nrog dej?
Tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txaus ntshai tshwm sim nrog dej. 1-Butanol tsuas yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej thiab muaj tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov thaum muaj cov dej noo nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj.
